ABSTRACT
Abstract Objectives To evaluate neonatal autopsy rates at a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil ascertain the level of agreement between premortem and postmortem diagnosis. Methods The authors reviewed all neonatal autopsies performed over a 10-year period and described the percentage of neonates who died and underwent autopsy. The authors tested for agreement between autopsy findings and the cause of death as defined by the neonatologist. Agreement between clinical diagnosis and autopsy findings was classified using the modified Goldman criteria. Additional findings at autopsy were grouped by organ system. Linear regression and multiple comparisons were used for statistical analyses. Results During the study period, 382 neonates died at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Consent to perform an autopsy was obtained for 73 (19.1%). The complete agreement between autopsy findings and the neonatologist's premortem diagnosis was found in 48 patients (65.8%). Additional findings were obtained at autopsy in 25 cases (34.2%). In 5 cases (6.9%), the autopsy findings contributed to subsequent genetic counseling. Seven autopsies (9.6%) revealed a diagnosis that would have changed patient management if established premortem. The autopsy rate increased by an average of 1.87% each year. Conclusion Despite a high level of agreement between clinical diagnosis and pathological findings, autopsies provided relevant data regarding the cause of death, providing additional clinical information to neonatologists and allowing genetic counseling of family members.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Apresentar o primeiro caso de infecção disseminada por Trichosporon spp em um recém-nascido no Brasil, discutindo alguns aspectos de manejo e tratamento. Um novo espectro de agentes infecciosos associado a infecções graves em UTI neonatais tem surgido. Ele atinge particularmente recém-nascidos com peso de nascimento abaixo de 1.000 g. A infecção por Trichosporon asahii é rara e quase sempre fatal nesse grupo. DESCRIÇÃO: É apresentado o caso de um recém-nascido de 815 g com infecção fatal por Trichosporon spp. Na literatura pesquisada nos principais bancos de dados, apenas nove artigos foram encontrados, com descrição de 14 casos de infecção por esse fungo em recém-nascidos prematuros. CONCLUSÕES: A taxa de infecção fúngica invasiva é de cerca de 6 por cento no grupo de risco referido acima, sendo a causada por Trichosporon uma possibilidade. A taxa de mortalidade desses casos é muito alta, mas o tratamento precoce com triazólicos melhora muito o seu prognóstico.
OBJECTIVE: To report the first case of disseminated Trichosporon spp infection in a newborn infant in Brazil, discussing a few aspects concerning management and treatment. A new spectrum of pathogens associated with severe infections in neonatal ICU has arisen, afflicting mainly newborn infants weighing less than 1,000 g at birth. Infection with Trichosporon asahii is rare and often fatal in this group of patients. DESCRIPTION: A case of Trichosporon spp fatal infection in a newborn weighing 815 g at birth is reported. Literature search in the main databases returned only nine articles, reporting 14 cases of infection with this fungus in preterm newborns. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of invasive fungal infection is around 6 percent in this group of patients, Trichosporon infection being a likely occurrence. Mortality rate in these cases is extremely high, but early treatment with triazole antifungals improves prognosis significantly.